As per recent medical statistics, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the country for men as well as women. Studies show that lung cancer has a higher fatality rate than many other cancers combined. While people who smoke regularly fall into a high-risk bracket for contracting lung cancer, there are many who have never touched a cigarette in their lives and have yet fallen a victim to this disease. Let’s take a look at the main causes of lung cancer, know the symptoms, and explore the diagnosis and treatment options available. Types of lung cancer There are two main types of lung cancer: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC): This is the type of cancer that affects chain-smokers. Only 10 to 15 percent of cancers fall under this category. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): This term is used to refer to several types of lung cancers together, primarily because the treatment for most of them is similar. Some of the lung cancers that fall under this group are squamous cell carcinoma, bronchoalveolar, and large cell carcinoma. Symptoms of lung cancer Lung cancer is a disease that shows its symptoms early on. Most of the main symptoms occur visibly in the advanced stages of the disease.

According to the National Cancer Foundation, an estimated 61,700 U.S. males and 18,770 U.S. females will be diagnosed with bladder cancer just this year. Bladder cancer remains the fourth most prevalent male cancer in North America (and males are 4 times more at risk compared to female patients). Bladder cancer develops within the cells of the bladder. Bladder cancer often doesn’t display symptoms in the early stage, so the risk of cancerous cells forming a malignant tumour and spreading to nearby tissues and organs may be common. Depending on the stage, cancer progression, and patient’s health, treatment options for bladder cancer include the following effective, safe, and common options: 1. Bladder cancer surgery Surgery for bladder cancer involves the removal of cancerous tissue as well as a margin of surrounding tissue through surgical removal. Depending on the stage of the cancer, your doctor will recommend the best suitable surgery from the following options: Transurethral bladder tumor resection: Also known as transurethral resection, TURBT is primarily used for diagnosis, staging, and treatment. It involves removal of tumor in the urethra using cystoscope. TURBT can fully treat the cancer but a doctor can recommend additional procedures to make sure it does not come back.

Lung cancer happens when the cells start growing out of control within or on the outer tissues of the lungs. Lung cancer exists in many types, among them are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The American Cancer Society claims that lung cancer (both NSCLC and SCLC) accounts for the second most common cancer in both men and women in the U.S. NSCLC causes an unusual growth that starts inside the lining of the airways of the lung. While more cancer cells are growing, it may develop into a tumor. As the condition worsens, it could start to spread into other areas of the lung or spread throughout the body into other areas. When this occurs it is called metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Symptoms of NSCLC may include: Coughing up blood Shortness of breath Fatigue Lumps in the neck Difficulty swallowing Weight loss Wheezing While experiencing these symptoms does not mean you have lung cancer, you should consult with a physician if you experience any of these symptoms. If you are diagnosed with NSCLC, the various treatment options can be discussed with your oncologist. The following treatment options for NSCLC are decided upon with consideration for the cancer stage, the health and the function of the lung, the health of patients, and the progression of the cancer:

Lymphoma is a type of cancer that mainly affects the lymphatic system. It starts by infecting the lymphocytes, which are the cells that fight infections in the immune system. Lymphoma leads to change and overgrowth of the lymphocyte cells which are a type of white blood cells. It mainly starts in the white blood cells and then spreads to other parts of the body. The occurrence of Lymphoma can be at any age, but it commonly occurs to people between the ages of 15- and 24-years old. Although lymphoma is not preventable, it is treatable and survival rates are good if treatment begins in the early stages. These are the main risk factors associated with lymphoma: Age: Some types of lymphoma are more common to young adults, and some are commonly diagnosed in people above the age of 25-years old. Gender: Males are more likely to get lymphoma as compared to female. The male gender is at a high risk of getting this cancer although other types of lymphoma are common to women. Weak or impaired immune system: Having diseases that weaken the immune systems puts an individual at a high risk of getting lymphoma. This is especially to people who use drugs that reduce their immune systems or were born having diseases of the immune system.